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The concept that involves redirecting negative impulses into socially acceptable actions is known as sublimation. This psychological defense mechanism allows individuals to transform their socially unacceptable emotions or impulses into constructive and beneficial behaviors. For instance, someone with aggressive tendencies might channel that energy into competitive sports or physical exercise, which are not only socially acceptable but also healthy outlets.

Sublimation is significant in therapeutic settings, as it encourages individuals to find healthier ways to express and cope with their feelings. This mechanism is often seen as a positive adaptation, as it can lead to personal growth and a more fulfilling life.

In contrast, repression involves unconsciously blocking unwanted thoughts and feelings, whereas suppression refers to consciously pushing aside distressing thoughts. Substitution, while somewhat related, typically refers to replacing one desire or goal with another that is more socially acceptable but does not necessarily involve redirecting negative impulses into constructive actions. Understanding these distinctions can help in recognizing different coping strategies individuals may employ in their lives.